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The Virtuous Motivation (VM) Survey—now fully validated and ready for deployment—goes beyond traditional measures of engagement, satisfaction, or retention. Instead, it reveals the why behind students’ sustained participation in practices essential to true formation: intellectual seriousness, moral integrity, civic responsibility, and disciplined excellence.

This research seeks to close the moral–knowledge action gap—the phenomenon in which students may know the right thing but lack motivation to act on it. By understanding how autonomy, relatedness, and competence drive virtuous behavior, we aim to identify educational strategies that promote human flourishing and moral development during undergraduate years.
The survey is scenario-based: each of the 18 items presents a realistic, undergraduate-relevant situation (e.g., responding to disagreement in class, helping an overwhelmed peer, persisting after a setback, or integrating complex ideas). Students then rate multiple SDT-aligned reasons for their engagement—from external pressures to fully internalized and virtue-oriented motivations—allowing a nuanced profile of what truly drives their participation in character-relevant practices.
VM does not measure virtue itself—it measures the internalized motivations that energize and sustain virtuous practice over time. By focusing on students’ self-reported reasons rather than observed behaviors, traits, or outcomes, the survey isolates the motivational architecture that precedes character formation, capturing how strongly students endorse autonomous, value-aligned reasons (identified, integrated, or intrinsic) versus controlled or disengaged ones—revealing not whether students “are virtuous,” but the genuine self-endorsement in their engagement with virtue-relevant practices.
Share the scaled Virtuous Motivation Survey (October 2025) with your undergraduate students



Steven Bourgeois, PhD
Founder & CEO
Ahart Solutions
Dissertation Pathway
Ahart Education
Southlake, TX


Matthew Post, PhD
Professor of Philosophy in PPE
Universidad de las Hespérides Las Palmas
Canary Islands, Spain
Univeristy Professor, Arizona
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